This topic covers statistical outputs which are used to monitor the incidence and prevalence of conditions and diseases. It also covers the prevention and treatment of these disorders by the NHS. A combination of administrative and survey data are used to produce these statistical outputs.
Publications
The Action Plan for Improving Oral Health and Modernising NHS Dental Services was published in 2005. It set out the then Scottish Executive's policy and plans for dentistry and dental public health for the next 3 years (SEHD, 2005). This plan has brought increased investment to dentistry, and to ensure this investment is achieving its goals a range of targets was set around oral health improvement, primary care dental service delivery and quality, and dental workforce and training. This is a 6-monthly report monitoring NHS Boards progress towards the targets.
This presents information on incidence, deaths and survival from bowel cancer
Breast Screening Programme Statistics
This provides information on incidence, mortality and survival of breast cancer
Describes the geographical patterns in cancer incidence and mortality across the the UK and Ireland and relates them to risk factors and to levels of socio-economic deprivation.
Cancer Incidence
Cancer Mortality
Presents information on the number of newly diagnosed cases of cancer (incidence) and the age-standardised incidence rates for England. This publication has been discontinued and the data are now included within Cancer Statistics Registrations, England (Series MB1) so that all cancer registration data can be found in one place. The last volume to be published was Cancer Registrations in England - 2010.
Presents national and regional information about cancer incidence.
Statistics on observed and relative survival of cancer patients (25 cancers plus for all cancers combined) in Scotland, at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years, by age and sex.
One-year and five-year relative survival estimates for adult patients diagnosed with one of eight cancers in England. Results are presented by Government Office Region, Strategic Health Authority and Cancer Network.
Brings together a large amount of information on cancer incidence, deaths from cancer, prevalence and survival from cancer.
This presents information on incidence, mortality and survival from the most common cancers.
Commentary, charts and tables present information on cancer cases and deaths in the UK.
This presents survival by cancer network in England for patients dignosed during the period 1991-2006 and followed up to 2007
This presents the latest one- and five-year age-standardised relative survival rates for cancers of the bladder, breast (in women), cervix, colon, lung, oesophagus, prostate and stomach with data for the government office regions (GOR) and strategic health authorities (SHA).
This presents cancer survival for adult patients (aged 15-99) resident in the 88 (now 62 following NHS reconfiguration in 2006) 'Spearhead' primary care trusts (PCT) in England, compared with those resident in the rest of England.
This present the latest one- and five-year age-standardised crude and relative survival rates for adult patients (aged 15-99 years) diagnosed in England for 21 common cancers.
Cervical Screening Statistics
Cervical cytology
Statistics on women aged 25 to 64 who are invited for regular cervical screening to detect abnormalities under an annual programme.
This presents a survival index for al cancers combined for primary care trusts in England, from 1996-2006, follow up to 2007
Contains statistics of notification of congenital anomalies for England and Wales in the reference year. Data are given for type of congenital anomaly by government office regions and strategic health authorities.
The Bulletin provides summary information as well as some trend data from previous years. It includes information on - smoking, household composition, debt, internet access, health, sport and leisure, environmental issues, mobile phones and job applications.
Coronary Heart Disease Statistics update
The purpose of this publication, on episode based acute hospital inpatient and day case activity, is to complement data contained in the Northern Ireland Hospital Statistics: Inpatient and Day Case Activity Statistics. The Episode Based Acute Hospital Inpatient and Day Case Activity Data shows detailed analysis at diagnostic and procedure level, within the Acute Programme of Care (PoC 1).
Information relating to influenza consultations rates and vaccinations for flu season.
Monitors how PCTs perform against measures in the following areas: CHD-Diabetic retinopathy; CHD-NHS Health Checks; Older people-Delayed Discharge; Health Improvement-Maternity; Health Improvement-Stroke
Health profiles for all LA areas presenting a range of indicators and a snapshot of the overall health of the local population.
Mandatory surveillance of MRSA bacteraemia, Clostridium difficile infection and MSSA bacteraemia
Mandatory surveillance of Glycopeptide Resistant Enterococcal Bacteraemia
Mandatory Surveillance of MRSA Bacteraemia, Clostridium Difficile and MSSA Bacteraemia
Statistics on women aged 25 to 64 who are invited for regular cervical screening to detect abnormalities under an annual programme.
This report presents trends in cancer incidence and survival updated with incidence and mortality.
This release gives details of the waiting times for patients accessing cancer services at hospitals in Northern Ireland.
Notifiable infectious disease statistics
Pilot Bowel Screening Programme Statistics
This summary brings together information on prostate cancer incidence, mortality and survival.
Compendium of public health outcomes indicators presented at England and upper tier LA level. Indicators are split over 4 domains: improving the wider determinants of health; health improvement; health protection; healthcare, public health and preventing premature mortality.
Epidemiological analyses of Mandatory surveillance data on MRSA bacteraemia, C. difficile infection, and MSSA bacteraemia
Scotland data added to the WHO database of 600 health/health-related indicators for over 50 countries in Europe (including UK), for 1970 to the present, where available. Data are presented in a user-friendly, graphical or tabular form, allowing time trend and international comparisons. Accompanying briefing notes provide a summary of the findings and some interpretation.
Uptake, laboratory and clinical outcomes of the Scottish Bowel Screening Programme. As from May 2010 these statistics can be designated as National Statistics products.
Scottish Breast Screening Programme
Annual updates to various sections of the ScotPHO website, including key points, policy context, key data sources, references and data summaries.
Scottish Renal Registry Report
Scottish Stroke Care Audit
Scottish Trauma Audit Group
This annual update includes information on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and workload in Scottish GUM clinics.
Stroke Statistics update
Report describing second cycle of surgical profiles project, including summary of how NHS Boards are using the data in the profile to support improvements in patient care. This is accompanied by the charts included in the profile, presenting data at NHS Board and hospital level.
Surveillance of MRSA Bacteraemia and Clostridium Difficile Infection among Independent Sector Organisations
Unintentional Injuries
Overview
The statistics published in this section are based on information collected and published by the Department of Health (DH), the NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care (IC) and the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Many of these statistics are used by central government and by the NHS to:
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monitor the public health
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assess NHS performance, and
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assess health needs in national and local populations
Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) provide information on the treatment of conditions and diseases in hospitals. Diagnostic information is used to estimate the prevalence of conditions and diseases requiring inpatient treatment. HES data is used to monitor many NHS Performance Indicators.
IC’s Health Survey for England gathers data to estimate the prevalence of conditions and diseases impacting on the health of the population. These statistics are published in annual reports by population breakdowns.
ONS also reports prevalence estimates of long-standing conditions using the General Household Survey.
ONS processes data from regional cancer registries in England and the Welsh Cancer Intelligence Surveillance Unit, and holds data from 1971. The number of newly diagnosed cases (incidence) of cancer and cancer survival figures are regularly reported for England. Data for sub-national populations such as Government Office Regions, Strategic Health Authorities and Spearhead Primary Care Trusts are also available.
ONS maintains the National Congenital Anomaly System (NCAS) which was set up in 1964 to monitor the occurrence of congenital anomalies in England and Wales. The number and rates of congenital anomalies are reported annually for England and Wales.
Technical Data
Hospital Episode Statistics (HES)
HES contain details of all admissions to NHS hospitals in England and all finished consultant episodes, including NHS outpatient appointments.
Each HES record can contain more than 50 pieces of information, collected directly by hospital providers or derived by the HES team. The HES records system covers all NHS trusts in England, including:
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acute hospitals
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Primary Care Trusts (PCTs)
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mental health trusts
HES also include care provided to NHS patients by the independent sector and care given to private patients in NHS hospitals. The type of information collected for hospital records include:
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clinical details of diagnoses
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personal information about the patient treated
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details of where the patient was treated
The HES online website gives you the opportunity to view a range of HES data, either as downloadable tables or in personalised, online tables. The site also offers a range of articles focussing on different aspects of HES data, health conditions and published research.
Health Survey for England
The Health Survey for England is a series of annual surveys designed to measure health and health-related behaviours in adults and children living in private households in England.
The trend tables focus upon key changes in core topics and measurements. The prevalence rates presented in the key trend tables have been weighted to represent the numbers of people affected in the population of England.
The latest available findings for 2007 can be found in the main report: Health Survey for England 2007. Also in the report is a methodological overview containing the sample design along with:
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weighting
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topic coverage
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quality control
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response rates
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measurement profiles, and
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schedules
Further information about the Health Survey for England can be found on the UK data archive website
Quality and Outcomes Framework
The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) consists of a set of achievement indicators which are used when calculating general medical practice funding contracts. Some cover the management of specific conditions and diseases.
An overview of QOF; its data on the prevalence of conditions and diseases and guidance on the use of QOF data can be found in the QOF 2007-08 bulletin.
QOF data tables for national, strategic health authority, PCT and practice levels are available along with the prevalence of the conditions and diseases within the QOF clinical areas domain There is also a glossary of QOF terminology.
ONS Cancer Statistics
ONS Cancer Intelligence Centre regularly report statistics on cancer incidence for the UK and England, and survival for England and sub-national breakdowns:
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Strategic Health Authorities
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Government Office Regions, and
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Spearhead PCTs
National Congenital Anomaly System (NCAS)
ONS receives data from two sources: electronically from local congenital anomaly registers for the areas covered by a register, and on paper forms directly from NHS trusts in areas without a local register.
Other ONS Statistics on Conditions and Diseases
The Focus on Health report combines data from the 2001 Census and other sources to illustrate various topics, and provides links to further information. It consists of a short overview of the topic, followed by a full report containing more comprehensive analysis.
The report covers:
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health status
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health related behaviours
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morbidity, and
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the use of health services in the UK, Great Britain or England and Wales
United Kingdom Health Statistics 2006 and 2008 is a biennial (every two years) publication containing information on health and care for the UK and constituent countries. It provides a reference for the comparison of key figures between the UK and other nation states and the four countries within the UK. The report analyses:
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general health and morbidity
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health related behaviour
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the use of preventative health care, and
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the use of health services
Glossary
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Age standardisation
Age standardisation is the number of cancer registrations or deaths for a particular sex and age group divided by the corresponding sex and age-specific mid-year population. It is usually expressed per 100,000 people.
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Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index is calculated by an individual’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres.
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Cancer registration
Cancer registration is the process of collecting and storing data about the patient, the cancer and the treatment received.
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Cancer registration minimum data set
The cancer registration minimum dataset is a person based database, including an agreed minimum set of data items relating to the patient, the cancer and treatment.
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Congenital anomaly
Congenital anomaly is a structural or functional abnormality of the human body that develops before birth.
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Cumulative lifetime cancer risk
The risk (odds or percentage chance) of a person developing cancer during their lifetime based on current age and sex-specific incidence rates. This is called cumulative lifetime cancer risk.
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Death certificate only
Cases of cancer registered solely from information provided on the death certificate. These patients necessarily appear to have zero survival time (as the date of diagnosis has to be taken to be the date of death).
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Directly age-standardised incidence rates
Directly age-standardised incidence rates make allowances for differences in the age structure of populations. The directly age-standardised rate (ASR) for a particular population is that which would have occurred had its observed age-specific rates been applied in a given standard population. Rates in this article were age-standardised using the European Standard Population. This is a hypothetical population standard, which is the same for both males and females, allowing standardised rates to be compared over time and between geographical areas. Age-standardised rates are commonly presented per 100,000 of the population at risk.
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Finished Consultant Episode (FCE)
The Primary Unit of measurement within the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) information system. An FCE is a continuous period of patient care delivered within a single hospital provider and administered by a specific consultant. Patients can complete a number of FCEs within a single admission to hospital for in-patient care.
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Health Survey for England response rate for individuals
The proportion of individuals interviewed for the Health Survey for England where the number of individuals in non-participating households is estimated. This is the response rate.
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Incidence
Incidence is the number or rate (per head of population) of new cases of a disease diagnosed in a given population during a specified time period.
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International Classification of Diseases – 10th Revision
International Classification of Diseases – 10th Revision is the tenth edition of a standardised classification of conditions and diseases developed by the World Health Organisation.
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Long-standing illness (limiting)
A (limiting) long-standing illness is an illness, disability or infirmity that has troubled an individual over a period of time or likely to affect an individual over a period of time. A long-standing illness is defined as limiting if it limits an individual’s day to day activities.
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Morbid obesity
A person who is morbidly obese has a Body Mass Index measurement of 40 or more.
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Multi-stage stratified probability sampling design
The Health Survey for England 2007 sample was determined using a multi-stage stratified probability sampling design. This approach selects a random sample of pre-defined primary sampling units (PSUs) based on postcode sectors in the first stage. Within each selected PSU a random sample of postal addresses are drawn.
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Obese
A person who is obese has a Body Mass Index measurement equal to or exceeding 30 but less than 40.
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Overweight
A person who is overweight has a Body Mass Index measurement exceeding 25 but less than 30.
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Standardised Registration Ratio
Standardised Registration Ratio (SSR) a method of indirect standardisation applied to allow cancer incidence in an area to be compared to a standard population. The age and sex specific rates of the standard population are applied to a particular area and this expected incidence can then be compared to that actually observed in the standard population. SRRs are generally expressed as an index with the standard population having a value of 100.
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Tumour
A tumour is a mass of abnormal tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with the normal tissue it originates from. It will persist in the same excessive manner after the stimuli which evoked the change have ceased (also known as a neoplasm).
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Tumour site
A tumour site is the anatomical location of a tumour, as specified by the ICD code.
Contact Details
For statistical enquiries about this topic, please contact:
Chris White
Email: hle@ons.gov.uk
Telephone: +44 (0) 1633 455865
Room 2.176 Office for National Statistics Government Buildings Cardiff Road Newport NP10 8XG
